Informatics I

Syllabus

1. Basic concepts and terminology of computer science Content: Explanation of the concepts of data, message, information, bit, byte, prefixes and multiples of units (kibi, mebi, etc.), placement of computer science among scientific disciplines. Activities: Discussion of the perception of "data vs. information" in practice. Output: Short test or reflection on the topic "the importance of information in the digital economy". 2. Computer and its logical and physical structure Content: Von Neumann and Harvard architectures, computer operation, memory, registers, memory management. Activities: Schematic drawing of architecture by type. Output: Preparation of a diagram of the computer structure. 3. Processors and their architecture Content: Division of CPUs by manufacturer, instruction set and use; sockets and slots, performance and processor generations. Activities: Comparison of parameters of selected processors. Output: Team presentation: "Choosing a processor for a gaming vs. office computer". 4. Motherboards and graphics cards Content: Types of motherboards, chipsets, parameters and GPU development, integrated vs. dedicated solutions. Activities: Practical identification of components on a motherboard. Output: Comparison table of MB and GPU according to criteria. 5. Memory and storage media Content: Types of ROM and RAM memory, development, generations, SSD vs. HDD, Flash memory, memory cards. Activities: Analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of individual media. Output: Presentation on the development of memory technologies. 6. Input-output devices Content: Historical development, I/O units, terminals, printers, the role of the South bridge. Activities: Classification of devices by generation and function. Output: Classification scheme of I/O devices. 7. Power supplies and UPS Content: Types of power supplies, connectors, voltages, component connections, UPS operating principle. Activities: Design of component connections with PSU. Output: Computer power supply diagram and selection of a suitable UPS. 8. Display units – monitors Content: CRT, TFT, LCD, OLED, parameters: brightness, contrast, resolution, refresh rate. Activities: Comparison of the advantages of individual technologies. Output: Selection of a suitable monitor for a given purpose. 9. Printers and plotters Content: Printing mechanisms – inkjet, laser, thermal; plotters and their specifics. Activities: Discussion of use in various areas (CAD, office). Output: Overview of printer types and recommendations for various segments. 10. Interfaces and peripherals Content: Keyboards, mice, tablets, headphones, microphones, VR devices, modern communication interfaces. Activities: Practical demonstration of peripheral connection. Output: Overview of peripherals and their use. 11. Network components Content: Network basics – PAN, LAN, WAN, media (UTP, STP, optics), active and passive elements. Activities: Design of a simple network diagram. Output: Development of a network for a fictitious office. 12. IoT basics Content: Concept of the Internet of Things, IoT components – microcomputers, sensors, development boards. Activities: Design of a microcontroller connection in a common device. Output: Mini-design of an IoT application in a specific area. 13. Design of IoT devices Content: Software tools, interconnection fields, design of device architecture. Activities: Working with a simple development environment. Output: Design of a logic diagram for an IoT device. Spreadsheet exercises (e.g. MS Excel) 1. Numerical operations and analysis Assignments from the field of costs, budgets, simple economic calculations. 2. Graphs and their interpretation Creating various types of graphs - column, pie, combined. 3. Lists and database tables Creating lists, filtering, sorting and searching in data. 4. Text operations Formatting and editing texts, working with functions such as CONCAT, LEFT, FIND. 5. Search functions Working with functions VLOOKUP, XLOOKUP, INDEX+MATCH. 6. Statistical functions Calculations such as mean, median, standard deviation, chi-square, correlation. 7. Accessing external data Importing data from files, links, dynamic tables. 8. Dashboard Creation Building interactive data summaries using charts and controls. 9. Graphics and SmartArt Diagrams Creating organizational charts, visualizing processes. 10–13. Task Automation Basics of VBA (optional), using macros and advanced features to speed up work.