Network technologies I

Syllabus

1. Data transmission Explanation of the nature of data, their interpretation, and forms of transmission. Physical data transmission, modulation principles and types of modulation. The role and function of AD/DA converters in digital and analog communication. 2. Classification of computer networks Classification of networks based on size, topology, transmission media, access methods and technologies used. Overview of LAN, MAN, WAN and other network categories. Comparison of properties and use cases of different network types. 3. Computer network architectures Overview of common network topologies and their technological background. Description of hardware components and tools used to build network architectures. Advantages and limitations of various architectural approaches. 4. Communication infrastructure Description of traditional and modern access technologies such as Dial-Up, ISDN, ATM, ADSL, SDSL and xDSL. Comparison of bandwidth, latency, reliability and typical use cases for each technology. 5. Data transmission possibilities and trends Distinction between circuit, packet, cell and message switching. Overview of access methods used in data communication technologies. Current trends in modern transmission systems. 6. Wi-Fi networks Characteristics of IEEE 802.11 standards (a/b/g/n/ac/ad/ay). Operation modes of Wi-Fi devices such as Access Point, Bridge and Repeater. Security protocols including WPA, WPA2, AES, TKIP and WPS, and configuration of Wi-Fi routers. 7. Optical technologies Fundamentals of optical fiber communication, including differences between single-mode and multi-mode transmission. Multiplexing techniques, fiber splicing, optical connectors and media converters. Designing and constructing optical loops. 8. ISO/OSI reference model and TCP/IP protocols Functions of the layers in the ISO/OSI and TCP/IP models. Description of active network devices such as repeaters, bridges, switches and backbone components. The role of protocols in network communication. 9. Network integration (internetworking) Coexistence and interoperability of protocols such as IP, TCP, RIP, OSPF, BGP, UDP, ICMP and DHCP. Functions of gateways, routers and switches. Mechanisms for interconnecting heterogeneous networks. 10. Internet and addressing IP addressing in IPv4 and IPv6, structure of address space and allocation methods. Subnet masks, subnetting, classful and classless addressing, VLSM and CIDR notation. Designing subnet structures for practical deployment. 11. Internet services Protocols such as DNS, SMTP, POP3, IMAP, FTP, HTTP, Telnet, WHOIS and IRC. Introduction to network security using SSL and related mechanisms. Importance of network services as part of the Internet infrastructure. 12. World Wide Web Principles of web operation, including HTTP, HTTPS and SHTTP protocols. Overview of web servers (Apache, NGINX, IIS), web browsers and their functions. Client-side and server-side scripting as a foundation for dynamic web applications. 13. Internet applications Overview of web applications, web services, and interactive websites. Description of major online platforms and social networks such as Google, Facebook, and YouTube. Contemporary trends in the development of Internet-based applications.